The Dirac equation describes the behavior of fermions and predicts the existence of antimatter: \[ (i \gamma^\mu \partial_\mu - m) \psi = 0 \] where \( \gamma^\mu \) are the gamma matrices, \( \partial_\mu \) is the four-gradient, \( m \) is the mass, and \( \psi \) is the wave function of the particle.
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